Summary
The Huberman Lab Podcast features an interview with Dr. Erich Jarvis, a professor at Rockefeller University who studies the neurobiology of vocal learning, language, speech disorders, and the relationship between language, music, and movement. The conversation revolves around the brain pathways that control speech production and gesturing, and how humans and some species of animals are able to communicate through various modes of language, including spoken and gestural. The critical period for language learning exists in both humans and some species of birds, and the brain areas controlling speech and language in songbirds and young human children are similar in function.
The context also discusses the challenges of learning languages and the impact of childhood learning on language acquisition. The brain undergoes critical period development, and it is easier to learn new things as a child than as an adult. The left in humans is more dominant for speech, and the right has a more balanced processing of musical sounds. The evolution of spoken language evolved first for singing, for this more emotional kind of mate attraction, and then later on, it became used for abstract communication. The speaker talks about his family's history of singing and how it influenced him to pursue a career in the arts.
The conversation also delves into the neural circuitry behind facial expressions and the relationship between language, thought, and written word. The speakers suggest that while there may be innate components to these abilities, they also involve learned skills and neural connections. The conversation highlights the complexity of these processes and the challenges they present for individuals to communicate effectively. The conversation also touches on stuttering, which can be caused by disruptions to the basal ganglia and can be treated with therapy.
Finally, the speakers discuss the importance of movement and physical activity in keeping the brain active and cognitive circuits in tune. The speaker shares personal experiences of how dancing has helped him think and keep his brain fresh. They also discuss the significance of studying genomes of different animal species and how it can help understand brain circuits and traits like vocal learning and speech. The conversation also touches on the importance of conservation and the possibility of resurrecting endangered species using their genetic code.
